Bullfighting in the Sun Also Rises

Jonathan Rowe Essay 1: The Sun Also Rises English 42 Doctor Speirs 3/28/2010 No Bull in Bullfighting In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway writes â€Å"nobody ever lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters† (100). Spoken by Jake, this line exemplifies the importance that bullfighting plays in the novel. It's not only portrayed as a sport, but rather as a complex, mathematical art in the form of a dance between the bull and fighter. The matador scene in chapter 18 is perhaps one of the richest in the novel due to it's use of symbols.The choreography between Romero and the bull is reflective not only of the characterization of Brett and Jake, but of the relationship between Brett, her masculinity, and her effect on the other male characters. It also provides penetrating insight to the role that Robert Cohn plays as a foil, and how he contrasts with the other characters. The most prominent correlation that the bullfighting scene carries in terms of symbolism is a par allel to Brett's sexuality. On a closer inspection, the fight also resembles an improvised dance between two partners.Each dancer has a designated terrain, and â€Å"as long as a bullfighter stays in his own terrain he is comparatively safe† (213). And a dance between two partners can be compared to the tumultuous events that love can bring, for example the relationship between Brett and Jake. It's interesting to note that early in the novel, Brett responds to Jake's inquiry of living together by saying that she'd just â€Å"tromper† him (55), a French word meaning to abuse and cheat. The diction almost resembles an animalistic quality, as well as the word â€Å"trample,† foreshadowing the symbolism behind the bullfighting scene.Just like Romero is luring and enticing the bull with his cape, Brett lures men with her charisma and charm, and refuses to bring any meaningful relationship to fruition. The diction of the scene involving Romero and the bull also carrie s some sexual overtones. Romero had to â€Å"make the bull consent with his body,† (217) creating an image where the man and â€Å"the bull were all one sharply etched mass† (217). In terms of symbolism, Romero is reflective of Brett, and the bull represents the men that Brett seduces. His method is to be â€Å"all so slow and so controlled† (217) at first, to lure the bull into proximity.Similarly, Brett lures men in with her brazen sexuality. The end result is the same however, with the bull and the men she's involved with. Romero will fight and kill the bull, just like Brett will lure men and eventually leave them. It's â€Å"all for sport, all for pleasure† (208). Brett's attraction to Romero can be explained in terms of his masculinity. Romero is somewhat of a perfect male, he's an aficionado, brave, beautiful, and held in very high esteem by everyone he encounters as well as being the favorite fighter of the crowd. He resembles Brett's masculinity.S he's given a unnisex name, has short hair, and even refers to everyone as â€Å"chaps. † She seems to mingle only with other men, possibly because she's shunned by other females for her promiscuity. While Romero and the bull most closely represent Brett and Jake, upon closer inspection another similarity can be drawn between Belmonte and Robert Cohn. Belmonte is a symbol for Cohn and his relationship with the other characters. Just like how Belmonte serves as a foil to the decadent style of Mercial and valor of Romero, Cohn is a foil to the other characters around him.While Romero would tease the audience with his graceful style and fighting close to the bull, Belmonte, now resuming bullfighting out of retirement, simply â€Å"gave the sensation of coming tragedy† and only gave the illusion of being close to the bull. He was once a great fighter, but now refuses to subscribe to the new â€Å"decadent† (215) bullfighting style. His fighting style represents Cohn in the sense that they both had their shining moment—Cohn's brief relationship with Brett, and Belmonte's glory days of bullfighting: which they're still trying to win back.Belmonte stands apart from the other fighters because he adheres to an traditional form of fighting. Similarly, Cohn is the only character with no involvement in the war, he preserves a sort of innocence and value system that disappeared with the â€Å"lost generation. † He tries to preserve the idea that sex equals intimacy and love, and throughout the novel his clumsy attempts to win back Brett are reflective of his refusal to understand that his brief relationship with Brett was simply a series of sexual encounters, nothing more.In conclusion, part of what makes Hemingway's style so unique is that he simply shows, without much telling. The matador scene in chapter 18 is rich because it provides penetrating insight with it's symbolism; Lady Brett with her elusive nature with men is captured throug h Romero's matador technique. The fact that Romero penetrates the bull with his sword accentuates the inherent masculinity that Brett displays—a sort of role reversal. Chapter 18 also highlights the character of Cohn, and his role as a foil and it's parallels to Belmonte's traditional fighting style.

Explication of a Story †`The Red Convertible` by Louise Erdrich Essay

Louise Erdrich’s story entitled â€Å"the Red Convertible† is a depiction of brotherhood and selfless love. Lyman and Henry as the protagonists in the story illustrated the life of being an individual with a set of notion towards their dependence to one another. The author described the differences and similarities of the two characters as they took their journey in the wild. Despite of their differences, they have built a bond that is undeniable and unpredictable. It shows that their foundation as brothers is unbreakable by anyone. The beginning of the story is a symbolization of brotherhood and truth that lies within the struggle and personal justification of thought and ideology. However, as the ending of the story developed, the protagonists’ characterization twisted and created an opposite signification of life. It shows that the character of Henry really loves the character of Lyman because before he went to the river, Henry wanted Lyman to be as happy as he could while he ride at the convertible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Upon establishing the characters, the author already stated the conflict that was seen in the sociological perspective of the protagonists. Because the two characters strived hard to obtain what they wanted, they have also built their own pride and capabilities as individuals that are unattached to the society’s dictation. By way of seeking the characterization of the two protagonists, the author used different elements and literary images to justify the claims and arguments in the whole narrative.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The author is fond of using the color of red in the story. The color of the convertible is red as well as the river and the blood that runs within Lyman’s face. Depending on the situation and context of usage of the color, the red color signifies different forms of symbolizations. The red convertible symbolizes the life of Henry. It shows that while Henry is away, the convertible is in need of repair. When Henry comes back from the military service, the convertible becomes fine and would be able to travel again. The convertible is also moody when it comes to Lyman like the character of Henry. Its being red is a signification of love and fire within the heart of Henry towards his brother Lyman. Henry wanted Lyman to take care of the convertible like the way he took care of Henry. Henry felt that Lyman is having a hard time understanding Henry’s incapability and mood swings that is why he decided to kill himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another symbolism that occurs in the story is the river where the brothers went through. It is also a symbolization that is connected to Henry’s characters that is seemed to be deep and quiet but full of anxieties and rejections within his own self. Lyman on the other hand brought a television for his family. The television is a symbolization of picture. It celebrated the life of the two characters but Henry broke the chain of celebration. It means that despite of Lyman’s struggle, Henry will burn the fire of brotherhood and would not mend it again.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When it comes to word usage, the character did not use technical or highfaluting terms to state the arguments of the two characters. It goes with the flow of casual words as it depicts the character’s mind and actions. The ending of the story is somehow a tragic complexity of Lyman because he could not able to retrieve his brother whom he always repossesses despite of its unjustified actions and personality after the military service. It shows that Lyman surrendered because he could not able to change his brother back from the old Henry that he used to have. Reference Erdrich, L. (2002). The Red Convertible. A Study Guide from Gale’s â€Å"Short Stories for Students,† The Gale Group

The Yellow Wallpaper Essay - 1453 Words

The Yellow Wallpaper is a story that exemplifies the common belief during the 1800’s. During then women were never held accountable for any duties other than being house bidden due to the weakness of handling stress. In the 1800s society was known to look past women who did anything besides house chores and raising children. Majority of women were then meant to be housewives and mothers and seen as the trophy wife and nothing more. It was extremely uncommon for the average women to want to further herself in life; this caused many nervous breakdowns and was assumed to be Hysteria. The ideals and ideas of conventions for these women did not always sit well with certain people, and in the reexamination, others were far too comfortable with them; this left demographics of humans that did not end up getting along. The only believable cure to Hysteria was to shutting the women inside a â€Å"get away† home for days on end. The idea of redemption was deemed noble, inspiring a nd turbulent; though many women refused to go against these forbidden acts but saw others as strong and encouraging. The pursuit in redemption is one that often came with high cost, what many forget is that there was a slim line between redemption and its equivalents. The Yellow Wallpaper is written from a characters point of view in a journal style which gave the reader descriptions of the home and those involved. The house was deemed as an old mansion and the yellow wallpaper in the narrator bedroom put anShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper829 Words   |  4 Pages The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper first appeared in 1892 and became a notary piece of literature for it s historical and influential context. Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper was a first hand account of the oppression faced toward females and the mentally ill,whom were both shunned in society in the late 1890s. It is the story of an unnamed woman confined by her doctor-husband to an attic nursery with barred windows and a bolted down bed. Forbidden to writeRead More The yellow wallpaper619 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The plot of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† comes from a moderation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s personal experience. In 1887, just two years after the birth of her first child, Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell diagnosed Gilman with neurasthenia, an emotional disorder characterized by fatigue and depression. Mitchell decided that the best prescription would be a â€Å"rest cure†. Mitchell encouraged Gilman to â€Å"Live a domestic l ife as far as possible,† to â€Å"have two hours’ intellectual lifeRead MoreYellow Wallpaper1095 Words   |  5 Pagesand treatments played in reinforcing the prevailing, male-dominant gender roles through the subversion, manipulation and degrading of female experience through the use of medical treatments and power structures. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å" The Yellow Wallpaper† is a perfect example of these themes. In writing this story, Charlotte Perkins Gilman drew upon her own personal experiences with hysteria. The adoption of the sick-role was a product of-and a reaction against gender norms and all of the pressuresRead MoreYellow Wallpaper1673 Words   |  7 PagesSvetlana Kryzhanovskaya Prof. Grajeda ENC 3014-MidTerm Paper March 12, 2012 Structuralism amp; Feminist Theory ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ written by Charlotte Gilman can be affectively analyzed from two schools of thought structuralism and feminist theory. Though structuralists’ deny the work of literature any connection to its author (it must be what it is, no underlying meaning) feminist theory must first and foremost be understood in its historical framework. By the turn of the century,Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper3202 Words   |  13 PagesEnglish 1302 22 November 2011 Main Character’s Outsider Theme In Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, the narrator, Jane, is struggling to deal with her depression that she is suffering in a confined room that her husband, John put her in. John believes that this will cure Jane and make her better from her depression. Instead, Jane is slowly losing herself within the yellow wallpaper in the room causing her to become insane. Jane is not able to express her feelings with her husbandRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper1362 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Charlotte Perkins Gilman â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is gothic psychological short story written in journal-style with first-person narrative. Other elements used in the story are symbols, irony, foreshadowing, and imagery. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper is about a woman who suffers from postpartum depression. Her husband, a physician, puts her on â€Å"rest cure of quiet and solitude.† (Wilson 278). This cure consisted of the narrator being confinedRead More The Yellow Wallpaper1466 Words   |  6 Pagesfeminist socialist and a realist novelist capture moments that make their readers rethink life and the world surrounding. Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was first published in 1892, about a white middle-class woman who was confined to an upstairs room by her husband and doctor, the room’s wallpaper imprisons her and as well as liberates herself when she tears the wallpaper off at the end of the story. On the other hand, Craneâ₠¬â„¢s 1893 Maggie: A Girl of the Streets is the realist account of a New York girlRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper961 Words   |  4 Pages The Yellow Paper is a symbolic story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. It is a disheartening tale of a woman struggling to free herself from postpartum depression. This story gives an account of an emotionally and intellectual deteriorated woman who is a wife and a mother who is struggling to break free from her metal prison and find peace. The post-partum depression forced her to look for a neurologist doctor who gives a rest cure. She was supposed to have a strict bed rest. The woman livedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper1844 Words   |  8 PagesSarah Kreeger EngWr 301 Professor Bradford 21 July 2013 Short Story Analysis The Yellow Wallpaper: The Power of Society’s Views On the Care of Mental Patients â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman takes the form of journal entries of a woman undergoing treatment for postpartum depression. Her form of treatment is the â€Å"resting cure,† in which a person is isolated and put on bed rest. Her only social interaction is with her sister-in-law Jennie and her husband, John, who is alsoRead Moreyellow wallpaper1165 Words   |  5 PagesIn the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, talks about a woman who is newly married and is a mother who is in depression. â€Å"The Yellow Wall-Paper† is written as the secret journal of a woman who, failing to relish the joys of marriage and motherhood, is sentenced to a country rest cure. Though she longs to write, her husband - doctor forbid it. The narrator feels trapped by both her husband and surroundings. The woman she sees behind the wallpaper is a symbol of herself and

Facts, Fiction and Dissertations Writing

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Geographic and Environmental Factors - 1517 Words

Themes in U.S. World History; Geographic and Environmental Factors An example of physical geographic factors that contributed to the development and expansion of the United States are the Appalachian Mountains and the discovery of the Cumberland Gap. The second geographical factor that significantly contributed to the development and expansion of the United States is the major rivers of the Midwest regions such as, â€Å"The Mississippi, Ohio, Missouri, Illinois, and other rivers knit together the American nation over the course of a century† (River Towns, River Networks, 2012). The early colonists had trouble passing over the Appalachian Mountains due to the extremely difficult environmental conditions that these mountains posed. The†¦show more content†¦In fact, the Mesopotamian civilization is responsible for establishing, developing, and implementing such things as higher social thinking, original agricultural technological methods, and development. This society is responsible and known as the birthplace of civilization; the original place for such things as religion, art, literature, science judicial order, agriculture and so much more. The most significant environmental and physical geographic factors that contributed to the development of the civilization of Mesopotamia were the Tigris–Euphrates river system. Because of its proximity and placement near these rivers, the society developed and grew primarily into a thriving agricultural society. As the muddy Tigris–Euphrates river system flooded and receded, their silt built a plain with rich soil, ideal for agriculture in which this society of Mesopotamia flourished and capitalized on. â€Å"Agriculture, thanks to the construction of irrigation ditches, became the primary method of subsistence (for Mesopotamia). Farming was further simplified by the introduction of the plow† (Kreis, 2006). Because the rivers provided the environment ideal for agriculture, the Mesopotamia society developed into a rich, prosperous, and influential civilization that passed these developments on to other society’s and groups ofShow MoreRelatedMaking Better Decisions on Environmental Issues997 Words   |  4 Pages Intro to GIS and environmental management GIS (Geographic Information System) is a new geographical research technology since the 1960s, which is a powerful software that allows a virtually unlimited amount of information to be linked to a geographic location. The more and more extensive environmental causes, abundant data resources from scientific researches, as well as the continuous improvement of the computer and GIS technology, all call for wider and deeper application of GIS in the environmentRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nurture1405 Words   |  6 Pages Nurture Very few people know that the nature vs. nurture debate actually began early on with famous Greek philosophers such as Plato and Descartes. These two theorized that certain things were inborn and occurred naturally regardless of environmental factors (Cherry 1). Most people began to witness this debate in 1896 when the phrase â€Å"Nature vs. Nurture† was coined by English polymath, Francis Galton (â€Å"Nature vs. Nurture†Origins 1). At this point the nature vs. nurture debate grew to extreme normsRead MoreThe Effects Of Ambient Air Quality For Environmental Public Health Tracking Essay732 Words   |  3 PagesProblem 1: Ans: In the article, the author described mainly two challenges to the process. â€Å"One challenge will be to routinely share data for these types of analyses at fine geographic and temporal scales without disclosing confidential information. 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In this work, I will be explaining how environmental factors, such as climate change, causes individual species to experience these three factors and eventually result in evolution and the development of traits that will help them adapt to their habitat. Zhenhua Lou, Mian Zhao, and several other anthropologists conducted a study of the effectsRead MoreGuns, Germs, And Steel, Diamond Chronicles History1728 Words   |  7 Pagesbiogeographical lens and proposes that environmental and biological factors are the main influences on the development of human societies. Diamond’s ideas, however, do not go unchallenged as McNeill presents in his article â€Å"History Upside Down†, that anthropological factors pertaining to human cognition are also crucial in explaining how human societies have developed. Although both authors examine human societal development through different lenses, Diamond’s ideas on geographic location and isolation, theRead MoreMarketing Strategy : Target Market Analysis Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesInternal environmental factors include the marketing mix, plus performance analysis and strategic constraints. External environmental factors include customer analysis, competitor analysis, target ma rket analysis, as well as evaluation of any elements of the technological, economic, cultural or political/legal environment likely to impact success. A key component of marketing strategy is often to keep marketing in line with a company s overarching mission statements. Once a thorough environmental scanRead MoreGenetic Cluster Number Of Genetic Clusters892 Words   |  4 Pagesmarginal likelihood of each model evaluated using Bayes Factor (BF). The best model was no admixture with correlated frequency incorporating its sampling locations like an informative prior (Table A.2). The final simulations were run, testing k = 2, with a 500,000 iterations of burn-in and a run length of 1,000,000 and all these were replicated ten times independently. Then, we used GENELAND v.0.3 (Guillot et al., 2005b), which incorporates geographic information (i.e. coordinates) in a spatial model inRead MoreNotes On Quality Of Life1617 Words   |  7 Pages1 Chapter one: Quality of life 1.1 Introduction Quality of life (QoL) is a multidimensional term, Many displines have been based on the concept of QoL in deferent levels of geographic scales and there are subjective and objective indicators for the quality of life, The concept of Quality of life has been researched rabidly and theoretically in the field of economics, health and social while other papers examined the correlations between quality of life and housing prices, housing quality, or productivity

A Modern Interpretation of Everyman the expert Essay Example For Students

A Modern Interpretation of Everyman the expert Essay Here beginneth a treatise about how God sent the IRS to summon a common taxpayer to come and list everything that the taxpayer may count as tax deductible. This basically sums up any good deeds the taxpayer as a whole everyone has committed, such as charity- RewriteSports Commentator. Hello out there from TV land, Im here to give you a clue. By means of this exciting account, I promise youll enjoy it, too. Basically its a story, or a forecast or presentation, but anyway, it depicts the state, of our great conglomeration. Of humans, and human affairs, and things we do every day. And the reigning state of human affairs, and how quickly they do decay. For the people have forgotten, their Christian and goodly ways. And instead sit at home and ponder, how exactly to spend their days. Their days of sin and gluttony, of indulgence and of cuckoldry. The days which will fade away, and leave the signs of sin and of adultery. At any rate I promise the show will be a thing to remember and a good thing to retain, for it fortells of how God will judge us and our deeds, and the anguish and the pain. Of those who would not change their ways, to do well and to be kind. So once the show is over it would do you good to keep these events in mind_Sports Commentator. LETS GET READY TO RUMBLE!!! HERE COMES GOD WITH SOME ACTION-PACKED HIGHLIGHTS!!! EVERYBODY, COME ON AND RAISE THE ROOF FOR GOD!!! God. What in the Hell was that? God. Ya know, I see here,in all my splendor, how the people do not remember. The ways and methods of olden days, when they didnt have so much personal grandeur. Theyve forgotten me, oh yes they have, and I dont appreciate it one bit. Especially since I was the one, who created and maintain every bit of it. I showed them my will when they crucified me, and I healed them even after. And now they dont bother to recognize me, but instead mock me with their laughter. Which springs from their enjoyment, of all their earthly goods. Of their endorsement of the 7 worst sins, and their forever gluttonous moods. And even worse, if they are left to their sinful ways, the wars and hate that will follow will shorten the whole races days. I wanted to be the model, for every mans life. But I see now that I am as common as any mans first wife. Sooooo, now I must make an example, to every man whom doesnt care. Ill threaten them with something that will give them all a scare. Death, no, they would merely laugh, but something even worse. A force which controls them, and would relieve them of their fat, overgrown purse. Oh yes, Ill show them something, just as sure as death, an agency of mine AND the devil that will audit them TO their very last breath. Where are you, oh IRS agent? IRS agent. Oh merciful God, I am here before you. How may I serve you, please tell me, I implore you. God. Go, audit Al L. People, and show him, in my name, the task he will have to take, from which he may not possibly escape. And make sure he brings his balance books, and a list of ALL his charities. I doubt that it will take him long, since has not made many of these. IRS agent. Oh yes God, I will go, and search the world all over, for this Mr. People cant be far, and when I find Ill arrest him, and take away his car. And his house and boat any property, for which he has forsaken you. .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .postImageUrl , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:hover , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:visited , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:active { border:0!important; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:active , .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub01243a8f454e0c55aa45c9a1e7f87ef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philosophy Of Mind EssayAny man who lives pompously I will audit till he rues, the day he forgot your grace and stopped living by your law, and gave up being merciful and kindly, and ignored any of those in need whom he saw. Hey there he is, I bet he isnt expecting, my approach or my audit, which soon Ill be projectingHes thinkin about personal gain and how to advance himself, and how to expand his capital and double all of his wealth. Man, its gonna suck for that guy. Here goes_ EXCUSE ME, MR. PEOPLE! I hate to interrupt, but I couldnt help but notice that your soul, er your estate, is so monstrously corrupt. Al L. People What did you say? Whats the matter? Who are you? Ill have you know that Im very busy, and not to bothered by some pencil-pushing geek, especially not one like you. IRS agent. Why doesnt anyone like me? Why am I so rejected? Maybe I really am a geek, or maybe Im infected_ Im sorry sir, but its my duty to inform you of your condition. You see, Im with God, oh yes, the Big Guy, and I am on a mission. Al L. People. Sure pal, youre obviously insane. Here take a dollar, no, take five, and leave me alone again. IRS agent. Keep you money or burn it, for soon it will not matter. I am with the IRS and as an agent, cannot be flattered. Im here to examine your estate, your property and taxes. And audit whatever I deem necessary let me first put on my glasses. Al L. People. Man_ This dork really is with God. And my life has not been spotless, and my good deeds_well, they are basically very few. What exactly is it that I need to send with you? IRS Agent. Ohhhh no you dont, youre coming with me too. God would like to be there when I smack your credit askew. And bring your list of good deeds, and hope that it is curious. Cause if it isnt buddy, well_ just hope that God isnt too furious hes already pretty pissed. Al L. People. Is there any chance of a longer wait? Maybe ten or fifteen years? Give just a bit more time, to stand out among my peers. IRS Agent. Not a second more youll get, not a minute to atone. Your deeds are recorded, good and bad, your actions set in stone. Now lets go, before the Big Man gets tired of sitting alone. Al L. People. Wait, thats not fai r, I have to face God with no company by my side? Please let me gather my friends and family, so that I wont feel so terrified. IRS Agent. What the hell. If anyone you know would be so bold, as to face God by your side, then they may go with you at their own risk, as if they had themselves died. What, did you think your life was bought and paid for? Yeah right, Mr. People, I think not, verily not, what do you think you were made for. Anything else but to follow Gods image, would be an outright lie. And liars burn in fire hehe. Al L. People. Ok, ok, I see your point, youve made your message clear. Please, give me till tomorrow, and I swear to meet you here. IRS Agent. Nope, I cant allow it. Go now, or just forget it. Al L. People. Ok, ok, Im gone. Later. IRS Agent. Hurry, buddy, or your lily-white butt is MINE. Man, I love this IRS business. The absolute power is just, tremendous. Al goes and tries to gather Fraternity, Family, Kin, and Earthly Possessions. They all refuse to go, and politely excuse themselves. Al next appeals his Good Deeds non- deductible and deductible, Intelligence and Common Sense, who leads him to Confession, then departs. Confession comforts him for a while. Afterward, Al is met by Good Deeds, Intelligence, Loveliness, Might, Sensory, and Political Correctness. .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .postImageUrl , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:hover , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:visited , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:active { border:0!important; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:active , .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231 .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff433575e3be6e62197d5d43fa53f231:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Heart Of Darkness (1372 words) EssayEach one leaves him, except Good Deeds and Intelligence, as he readies himself to die. Al L. People. Jesus, help me, everythings left me? Everyones gone, forgot me bereft me! Good Deeds. Not quite, Mr. People, not everyones gone. Your Good Deeds and Knowledge have yet stayed on. Well, Good Deeds at least, for Knowledge wont stay long. Al L. People. What? No! Knowledge is leaving? Not quite yet Knowledge, give me help when I try deceiving Death. Knowledge. Deceive Death? What? Have I already left? What a stupid thought! Especially considering the damage youve wrought! No, I wont stay, for when Death arrives, my aid will not work, your mind will be fried. God is lookin for truth, not deception buddy. You better hurry up, too. Al L People. Man, this sucks. Alright Good Deeds, my very last friend. Let us descend to that slow, bitter end. God have mercy, and sweet Mary too, alas, I wish, Id of changed to be Jew. Good Deeds. Ok, People, lets make this hasty. By the way, youll turn pale, and your skin will feel pasty. Al L People. That sounds pretty nasty, thanks. Ok_ Into your hands Lord, my soul I commend: Receive it Lord, that it not be lost. As you Redeemed, so me Defend, and save me from the fiends boast, That I may appear with that blessed host, that shall be saved on the Day of Judgement. Knowledge. Now, whats happened to Al will happen to all. Good Deeds will aid Al in front of St. Peter. I think I know with whom Al will fall, Ah, yes, he did well on the Morality-Meter à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢. Richard Nixon Come on you good voter, welcome to the Holy Blue. By the way, were you living in 72? Did I mention, Im thinking of trying a Coup? A friend of mine tried it a while ago, but, where he lives now, I do not know. Whats your name again, son? Well, there ya have it folks, just a brief suggestion, to those of you out there whose Morals are in question. Just remember, when you die, only one thing is actual, and thats how you lived the Lord knows what is factual. And keep in mind that once dead, you cant help, the way you treated others and how you managed yourself. And he that hath his account whole and sound, High in heaven he shall be crowned 148. Now were gonna go to our man in the field, Emerson Bigguns, for some post-game highlights. Emerson. Definitely a lot of action today in the world. We had Al People, a normal, CONFRONTED out of NOWHERE by a powerful double-team, which was the IRS and GOD. Al really had some self-doubt harming him for a while, but once he confessed, he got his team together. Unfortunately for, ALL WAS NOT WHAT IT SEEMED. All of his players LEFT HIM, because, to God, earthly things dont matter! What a surprising God. In the end, though, Al pulled through Death and made a touchdown with some great passing action from his Good Deeds, another last-minute trade. An there ya have it, folks.

Contract law on either the promise principle or on the principle of economic efficiency Essay Example

Contract law on either the promise principle or on the principle of economic efficiency Paper In this essay, these two distinct theories will be examined respectively and illustration will be appearing in cases. Frieds explanation of contract law centers on the promise principle, which he sees as the moral basis of contract law. He suggests that all contracts are promises, which are morally enforceable according to the moral conception a promise must be kept. Therefore it is appropriate for the law to enforce them. Fried argues that by promising we transform a choice that was morally neutral into one that is morally compelled. 1 It is quite obvious that promises, from Frieds point of view, largely rest upon morality as its fundamental ground, which binds the promisor to his individual obligation of keeping his promise. This is a cultural based assumption that risks the danger of generalizing moralities. As the perception of standard of values varies through time beings and societies, it is almost impossible to generate an conception that will be well maintained and equally appreciated by all cultural and religions, especially those distinct from Western cultural basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Contract law on either the promise principle or on the principle of economic efficiency specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Contract law on either the promise principle or on the principle of economic efficiency specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Contract law on either the promise principle or on the principle of economic efficiency specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After all, cultural is biased, and it should not be understood as a stable or steady ground to bring up enforceability on individuals as to fulfilling certain obligations. Frieds view also presupposes an intention to be bound on the part of the promisor, an individual is morally bound to keep his promises because he has intentionally invoked a convention whose function it is to give grounds-moral grounds-for another to expect the promised performance. He advocates the conception proposed by the will theory, which sees the contractual obligation as essentially self-imposed. It is suggested that this conception carry out an implication of liberal individualism, as individuals are at free choices when facing whether to bring up such obligation at the moment of promising. Notwithstanding the fact that promise principle was embraced as an expression of the principle of liberty,4 Frieds theory gives the implication that a moral obligation attaching to a promise becomes incurred rather than accepted by the promisor. 5 Hence the mere fact of giving a promise is to create a moral obligation to perform it, which is contradictory because now the individual liberty is somehow limited by choices. He also argues that a promise puts the moral charge on a potential act. A promise is a future action or performance invested in present tense. A promise binds into the future, well past the moment when the promise is made. 6 The moral obligation to keep the promise is a mean allowing persons to take responsibility for the good they choose, which demands high attention and respect. Furthermore, the freedom to bind oneself contractually to a future disposition is an important example of this freedom on disposition because in a promise one is taking responsibility not only for ones present self but for ones future self. Putting Frieds theory on testing. In Clifton v Palumbo 7, according to Frieds idea of contract, the court decision would have favored the defendant as the plaintiff had written in his very first note offering the defendant to sell his estate. His first note of writing promised the defendant this offer and so his promise should be kept, regardless of changing his mind later, as he may free to do so, but not free to break his promise8. Nevertheless, the court has hold for the plaintiff because his first note containing phrases and expressions of doubtful significance. Therefore, it did not constitute a contract in first place. In fact, the result of this case shows that Frieds definition is too wide since not all promises are contracts. 9 Frieds thesis is based on the value of individual liberty and responsibility. In contrast, Collins principle of economic efficiency puts emphasis on the balance between the respect for individual liberty and commmunitarian values on the law. Collins defines the purpose of the law of contract as chandelling and regulation of market transactions according to ideal of social justice. 0 He outlines the significant changes in modern law contract from the classical law of contract, which focuses on liberty, equality and reciprocity as ideals of the justice of exchange that make up the conception of the market order. Collins suggests these changes in modern law of contract concerns the legitimacy of the market order. Whereas the ideal of the justice of exchange perceived the virtue of the market order in its respect for the values of liberty, equality, and reciprocity. 11 Collins sees all exchange activities are market transactions, which may involve two or multiple parties. In order to assure that these transactions are operating under a fair sphere, market order should be carefully preserved so that individual liberty will not be interfered. Therefore, he points out the importance of communitarian values on the law. In his view, the states role is to maintain the prescription of fair market. 12 Two criticisms that are brought up to against the assumption of freedom of contract as suggested in classical contract law reinforce the impact of communitarian values on law. Firstly, the freedom of contract facilitates a subtle form of domination, no less effective for being the product of an agreement than if it were imposed directly by the state. 13 Large corporations are at advantage as they may routinely dominate their suppliers through contractual arrangement. Secondly, the fairness of distributive consequence in wealth is yet another result under the influences of freedom of contract because the state ignores the equivalence in value as to both parties. In order to serve in a place of a broad discretion to make enforceable contracts of ones choice, the modern law directly imposes patterns of responsibility and closely regulates the fairness of the distributive consequences of the operation of the market. 14 Collins concludes, modern law insists that the market order can be legitimate only when it achievers a proper balance between, on the one had, a respect for individual dignity and quality and, on the other, a fair distribution of wealth, the avoidance of unjustifiable domination, and a duty to respect the interests of others. 5 In addition, Collins agrees on that court often exercising a certain degree of discretion as case to case. Its the policy considerations that largely influence judges decisions, not the general rules. Furthermore, the policy factors that are taken into account in cases, often clearly signal the presence of the balancing process between respect for private autonomy and the communitarian value of concern for the interests of another runs through the modern law of contractual responsibility. In Holwell Securities Ltd v Hughes 16, the court favors Collins idea as they took relevant policy consideration into account. The plaintiff had posted a letter to excise his option to purchase. However the letter never reached the defendant, an acceptance was not communicated to the offeror. 17 In conclusion, both Fried and Collins theories have contributed greatly to the knowledge of contract law. The promise principle examines the contract through a moral perspective, whereas the principle of economic efficiency explains the law of contract in a social context.